Resources & Energy
Resources & Energy is a data page on the World Powers desk of Glassbox Auditing. Who produces and who depends on oil, gas, coal, electricity, critical minerals and food, from 1969 to the latest year. Concentrated supply decides who is hurt when a producer cuts output or restricts exports.
Last updated: .
What is on this page today?
- The U.S. produced crude equal to 66% of the oil it used in 2025 — 25% in 2005 (EIA International Energy Data, 30 Dec 2025)
- United States pumped 13.7M barrels of crude a day in 2025, 16% of the world's — +0.40M a day on 2024 (EIA International Energy Data, 30 Dec 2025)
- Russia pumped 9.9M barrels of crude a day in 2025, 12% of the world's — -0.01M a day on 2024 (EIA International Energy Data, 30 Dec 2025)
- Saudi Arabia pumped 9.5M barrels of crude a day in 2025, 11% of the world's — +0.34M a day on 2024 (EIA International Energy Data, 30 Dec 2025)
- Canada pumped 5.0M barrels of crude a day in 2025, 6% of the world's — +0.19M a day on 2024 (EIA International Energy Data, 30 Dec 2025)
- China pumped 4.3M barrels of crude a day in 2025, 5% of the world's — +0.09M a day on 2024 (EIA International Energy Data, 30 Dec 2025)
- Renewables made 64% of Canada's electricity in 2025, the largest share of the 16 powers — Canada: fossil fuels 23%, nuclear 13%; each country's latest year (Ember and the Energy Institute (via Our World in Data), 30 Dec 2025)
- China supplies half or more of the world's output of 14 of the 35 critical minerals the USGS tracks, including gallium, bismuth, magnesium metal — China's share of world production in each mineral's latest year; the U.S. relies wholly on imports (100% net import reliance) for 13 of them (USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries, 30 Dec 2025)
- China produced crude equal to 26% of the oil it used in 2024 — 52% in 2005 (EIA International Energy Data, 30 Dec 2024)
- United States produced 1,069 billion cubic metres of natural gas in 2024, 25% of the world's — Russia 642, China 258 billion m³ · United States produces 114% of the gas it uses (EIA International Energy Data, 30 Dec 2024)
Where does the data come from?
Items on this page come from EIA International Energy Data; Ember and the Energy Institute (via Our World in Data); USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries. Each item links to its own source. All sources, how items are checked.
What does this page lead to?
- Oil Stress (Macro): Where crude output is concentrated (the U.S., Saudi Arabia, Russia) and who depends on imports (China, Japan, Europe) sets who is hurt by a supply cut, and OPEC+ spare capacity sets how far prices move. (either way, depending on the cause; weeks; global scale) Source: EIA, Short-Term Energy Outlook (OPEC spare capacity, world supply and demand).
- Natural Gas (Macro): Europe's and Asia's dependence on imported gas, laid bare when Russian pipeline flows fell in 2022, is the demand for U.S. LNG exports that ties Henry Hub to world prices. (moves the same way; months; global scale) Source: EIA natural gas data (API v2): weekly storage; monthly production, consumption, trade and prices.
- Lithium (Macro): China refines most of the world's lithium, graphite and rare earths, so its share sets the supply risk U.S. buyers face and the sourcing rules written in response. (either way, depending on the cause; years; global scale) Source: USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries (mine production, reserves, U.S. net import reliance).
- Commodities (Global Intelligence): Grain exports are concentrated (Russia and Ukraine in wheat, the U.S. and Brazil in corn and soybeans), so a shock to one producer moves world grain prices. (either way, depending on the cause; months; global scale) Source: FAO Food Price Index.
- Auto & Energy (Companies): When supply from Russia or OPEC+ tightens, the price U.S. producers receive rises, and their revenue and cash flow follow. (moves the same way; months; sector scale) Source: EIA, Short-Term Energy Outlook (OPEC spare capacity, world supply and demand).
- Prices & Inflation (Macro): Energy and food are where world supply shocks enter U.S. prices first, through gasoline and grocery bills. (moves the same way; 1-3 months; economy scale) Source: BLS consumer price indexes (food at home and away, airline fares, core goods, gasoline, all items), via FRED.
What feeds this page?
- AI Supply Chain (AI): Chips and data centers need copper, gallium, germanium and rare earths; China refines most of several of these and has restricted exports of gallium and germanium since 2023. (moves the same way; years; global scale) Source: USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries (mine production, reserves, U.S. net import reliance).
- Vehicles (Domestic Intelligence): Electric-car sales worldwide, most of them in China, set demand for battery minerals (lithium, nickel, cobalt, graphite) whose mining and refining a few countries dominate. (moves the same way; years; global scale) Source: IEA Global EV Outlook data (electric car sales and stock by country; via Our World in Data from 2026).
- Commodities (Global Intelligence): A commodity price rise lifts export earnings for the countries that mine or grow it and raises import bills for those that depend on it, the split Resources & Energy shows. (either way, depending on the cause; months; global scale) Source: World Bank World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0).
- Natural Gas (Macro): U.S. LNG exports tie Henry Hub to European and Asian gas prices; when U.S. gas is cheap against them, export terminals run full and more cargoes sail. (either way, depending on the cause; months; global scale) Source: FRED: Henry Hub spot (DHHNGSP, from EIA); IMF import prices for Europe (PNGASEUUSDM) and Japan LNG (PNGASJPUSDM).
- Lithium (Macro): Lithium is mostly mined in Australia, Chile, China and Argentina and mostly refined in China, so price swings move those countries' export earnings and the cost of battery supply chains elsewhere. (moves the same way; quarters; global scale) Source: USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries (mine production, reserves, U.S. net import reliance).